Oranienburg concentration camp (Germany)

Concentration camp established in March 1933 in the small city of Oranienburg some 12 miles north of Berlin. One of the earliest Nazi concentration camps, Oranienburg was initially run by the SA and was known for the brutal mistreatment of prisoners, who were primarily political opponents of the Nazi regime. The camp was closed in 1934. In 1936, the SS established the Sachsenhausen concentration camp just outside of Oranienburg.