A new country, a new start

Henry Lowenstein

Henry Lowenstein

Thanks to Henry’s half-sister Karin Steinberg, who provides information about Soviet activities to American contacts, the United States government facilitates the Loewenstein family's immigration to the United States.

Before leaving Germany, Max Loewenstein is issued a certificate confirming that he was a victim of persecution under the Nuremberg Laws from the newly-established commission for “Victims of Fascism.”

Certificate of victimization issued to Max Loewenstein on January 26, 1946 in Berlin. This document certifies that he was a victim of the Nuremberg race laws.

Courtesy of Beck Archives, University Libraries, University of Denver

Translation (Beck Archives)

Upon arrival in America, the Loewensteins are advised to change their name to something more American-sounding. Maria’s response is:

“We suffered all these years because our name was so obviously Jewish, and I am proud of it. We are not going to change it, but we will drop the “e” after the “o” to make it easier for our American friends.”

The family settles in Williamsport, Pennsylvania, avoiding the fate of many Jews and other people in Europe who have lost their homes during the war and are stuck in DP camps awaiting immigration. They slowly begin to rebuild their lives.

Henry is able to join his family in the United States in 1947. He leaves England on July 16th on Marine Falcon bound for New York. Sadly, soon after the Lowensteins are reunited in the United States, Henry's father, Max, who is physically depleted from the years of forced labor and all that the family has been through, dies.

In Pennsylvania, Henry’s mother, Maria, and half-sister, Karin, work in a factory before moving on to other careers. In the years since Henry left Berlin, he has grown from a boy into a young man of 23. Having left school at the age of 15, he has little education or applicable skills for his new environment, but he manages to find his way. He works his way through high school and then art school with any kind of job he can find.

Transcript

Henry Lowenstein: My mother and sister were working in a factory there, making clothes; my father was working as a chemist in a … testing water in a plant where somehow that was important. And, you know, I didn’t have a job, I had of course no education, my education had basically stopped at the age of 14 or 15, the only thing I had learned was English, but no real education. And my sister managed to arrange for me to go to the local high school. But I was 23 years old at this point. And so the first job I got was digging graves. I dug graves in the morning from 9 until about 2, and then classes would start and I went with the students who were studying under the GI Bill. And I went from 3 until into the evening. And I started at the rock bottom of high school. The folks there were wonderful and allowed me to work at my own speed—the whole program was designed so that students could work at their own speed because, I mean a lot of people had returned from the war and these were veterans from the war, who had come back. And I actually had to do every piece of work that a high school student was expected to do, write every paper, pass every test. And I must tell you that I found it pretty much of a breeze. I went through it and I did the four years of high school in four months. One year per month! And this was in addition to working every day as a gravedigger. Except for algebra! Algebra defeated me, and it took me another three months to get through algebra. And so it took all together seven months before I qualified for high school graduation. But people were wonderful.

And so when I got that, I then went to work in an iron foundry. And I worked there and then I went to an art school in the morning. They had an art school in Williamsport, the Technical Institute, and there was a wonderful woman there in Williamsport who managed to get me admitted. And it was a Jewish lady, and, just at every step in my life, somebody had helped. And it has always been a source of gratitude on my part. Anyway she got me into the school, I would work on art in the morning from 9 till 2, then start… go to the foundry and work from 3 until 11:30 at night. And that was hard work, and very miserable, actually, but I was grateful, it was a job. It was relatively dangerous, because I had to climb above the hot metal and work on the machinery above the red hot iron down below. And that lasted me about a year, ‘til one day I slipped and almost fell off the roof into all of this, and at that time I quit and got another job in a paper factory, making paper plates, paper cups, and napkins. And I worked there for a year. Again, all the while going to art school.

"And so the first job I got was digging graves. I dug graves in the morning from 9 until about 2, and then classes would start and I went with the students who were studying under the GI Bill."

USC Shoah Foundation Visual History Archive, Interview 11470

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